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Export Reference (APA) 
Mata, C., Onofre, M., Costa, J., Ramos, M., Marques, A. & Martins, J. (2021). Motivation and perceived motivational climate by adolescents in face-to-face physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability. 13 (23)
Export Reference (IEEE) 
Carlos et al.,  "Motivation and perceived motivational climate by adolescents in face-to-face physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic", in Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 23, 2021
Export BibTeX 
@article{carlos2021_1716190469918,
	author = "Mata, C. and Onofre, M. and Costa, J. and Ramos, M. and Marques, A. and Martins, J.",
	title = "Motivation and perceived motivational climate by adolescents in face-to-face physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic",
	journal = "Sustainability",
	year = "2021",
	volume = "13",
	number = "23",
	doi = "10.3390/su132313051",
	url = "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability"
}
Export RIS 
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Motivation and perceived motivational climate by adolescents in face-to-face physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic
T2  - Sustainability
VL  - 13
IS  - 23
AU  - Mata, C.
AU  - Onofre, M.
AU  - Costa, J.
AU  - Ramos, M.
AU  - Marques, A.
AU  - Martins, J.
PY  - 2021
SN  - 2071-1050
DO  - 10.3390/su132313051
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
AB  - The COVID-19 pandemic impacted adolescents’ lives, leading to unprecedented changes in their routines, especially in education. Face-to-face physical education (PE) classes during COVID-19 were affected in organization, possibly conditioning students’ participation, motivation and learning. Based on the achievement goal and self-determination theories, the aim of this study was to analyze and compare the motivational indicators of adolescents in face-to-face PE classes during COVID-19, according to gender, educational level and physical activity (PA). A total of 1369 students participated in the study (621 boys and 748 girls; mean age: 14.4 years; SD: 1.74). Data were collected via an online questionnaire and analyzed using MANCOVAs adjusted for age, pre- and post-COVID-19 PA, socioeconomic status and BMI (Z-score). Differences in achievement goals, motivational climate and motivational regulation levels were found in different groups by gender, PA and educational level, favoring older and more active participants. A more positive motivational profile was found for girls in general and, specifically, for active boys, regarding more self-determined motivations and mastery goal orientations. Overall, this study’s findings suggest that the restrictions related to face-to-face PE classes during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on students’ motivation.
ER  -