Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence rate of workplace bullying in two Southern European countries,ItalyandSpain, and its differential consequences on employees’ job satisfaction and psychological well-being. Evidence has shown that the estimation method of workplace bullying may be biased: lower prevalence in Southern and Eastern European countries because the phenomenon is not yet well-known for the audience and its knowledge is partial or faulty (“awareness hypothesis”). Design/Methodology Cross-sectional study, in which a sample of 1,151 employees in Italy and 705 inSpain filled in a questionnaire about workplace bullying, psychological well-being and job satisfaction. Additional results from the ESENER survey were taken into account. Results Results suggest that no differences exist in bullying prevalence among these two Southern European countries since they share some cultural values. However, we found a moderated mediation model: the impact of workplace bullying on employees’ psychological well-being depends on the level of perceived job satisfaction, and this indirect effect is moderated by the country. Limitations - Research/Practical Implications Despite of the cross-sectional nature of the study, findings capture cultural differences in the bullying phenomenon, which may have several implications for further research in this domain as well as for designing interventions to deal with workplace bullying. Originality/Value The present paper establishes the roots to assess workplace bullying from a cultural approach and compare the magnitude and consequences of workplace bullying among countries.

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