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Seeing, standing and seating: the architecture of co-presence in small urban spaces
Título Evento
Citta 8th Annual Conference on Planning Research on Planning Research / AESOP TG Public Spaces & Urban Cultures 2015
Ano (publicação definitiva)
2015
Língua
Inglês
País
Portugal
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Abstract/Resumo
The senses are part of the everyday life of the people and they play an important role to experience the quality of public
spaces. This paper addresses the question to what extend people co-presence in public spaces is related to their field of vision
while they are seated in benches or movable chairs or just standing there. A method based on Isovists and Visibility Graph
Analysis is proposed for the evaluation of space affordances concerning visibility, exposure, use, comfort and social interaction.
Through the analysis of places, a more detailed and qualitative interpretation of the city is carried out.
William Whyte, who extensively investigated patterns of co-presence and suggested the importance of places to seat in
successful public spaces used to say that “people seat wherever they have a place to seat”. In this paper we pretend to be a
little more specific and investigate the hypothesis that “people seat wherever they have a place to see” combining direct
observation with space syntax tools and techniques.
The layouts of three plazas in Lisbon were analyzed and compered according to their intensity level of use and success. For
each layout standing activities were mapped several times and at different times of the day. Using the software UCL Depthmap
the position of the benches and other standing places were evaluated in terms of the size and properties of their isovists, visual
control and controllability as well as coefficient visual of clustering. The results of these configuracional measures were
compared with the data collection of behavior mapping.
The study demonstrates the use of the proposed method in the evaluation of the social life of public spaces showing evidences
on the relation between standing activities and benches occupancy and the importance of the fields of vision in people social
behavior. The results suggest a good correlation between the syntactic measures and the user evaluation of the benches and
other standing places in the plazas. The results also suggest how designers and policymakers can manipulate space in order to
contribute to the urban life
Agradecimentos/Acknowledgements
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Palavras-chave
space configuration, places to seat, Isovist, panopticon space, convex space.