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The publication can be exported in the following formats: APA (American Psychological Association) reference format, IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) reference format, BibTeX and RIS.

Export Reference (APA) 
Seabra, Pedro, Carvalho, C. & Ribeiro, I. M. (2024). Introduction - Special issue on Europe-Africa Relations. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos. 44, 7-11
Export Reference (IEEE) 
P. N. Seabra et al.,  "Introduction - Special issue on Europe-Africa Relations", in Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, no. 44, pp. 7-11, 2024
Export BibTeX 
@null{seabra2024_1716090015453,
	year = "2024",
	url = "https://journals.openedition.org/cea/7284"
}
Export RIS 
TY  - GEN
TI  - Introduction - Special issue on Europe-Africa Relations
T2  - Cadernos de Estudos Africanos
AU  - Seabra, Pedro
AU  - Carvalho, C.
AU  - Ribeiro, I. M.
PY  - 2024
SP  - 7-11
SN  - 1645-3794
UR  - https://journals.openedition.org/cea/7284
AB  - Since the inception of the European Communities, Africa has been on the horizon for the development of foreign and diplomatic relations, largely due to European states’ will to maintain relations with former colonies and to exert some form of normative power (Haastrup, 2013). However, both the institutional developments in practice and the study of European-African relations have been marked by an asymmetrical hierarchical relationship imbued with post-colonial characteristics. Reasons for this state of affairs are often attributed to Africa being a complex continent with more than fifty countries with porous and volatile border areas and differentiated relationships with both the European Union (EU) and its Member States. On the other hand, Europe is also made up of a myriad of different states with very different and oftentimes complex historical relationships with African countries.This special issue, although not exclusively dedicated to this level of analysis, has a clear focus on EU-AU relations from different perspectives. The most prevalent topic is security, with several articles delving into this issue in the relationship between the EU and the AU.
ER  -