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A publicação pode ser exportada nos seguintes formatos: referência da APA (American Psychological Association), referência do IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), BibTeX e RIS.

Exportar Referência (APA) 
Cairns, D. (2025). The difficult early career stage. In David Cairns (Ed.), Precarity and the development of research careers in academia: Becoming a researcher. (pp. 65-85). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Exportar Referência (IEEE) 
D. C. Cairns,  "The difficult early career stage", in Precarity and the development of research careers in academia: Becoming a researcher, David Cairns, Ed., Cham, Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025, pp. 65-85
Exportar BibTeX 
@incollection{cairns2025_1773728162382,
	author = "Cairns, D.",
	title = "The difficult early career stage",
	chapter = "",
	booktitle = "Precarity and the development of research careers in academia: Becoming a researcher",
	year = "2025",
	volume = "",
	series = "",
	edition = "",
	pages = "65-65",
	publisher = "Springer Nature Switzerland",
	address = "Cham",
	url = "https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-96409-1_4#citeas"
}
Exportar RIS 
TY  - CHAP
TI  - The difficult early career stage
T2  - Precarity and the development of research careers in academia: Becoming a researcher
AU  - Cairns, D.
PY  - 2025
SP  - 65-85
DO  - 10.1007/978-3-031-96409-1_4
CY  - Cham
UR  - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-96409-1_4#citeas
AB  - The early career stage is an aspect of academic careers that has attracted significant attention from other authors, with many works focusing on problems experienced by recent graduates as they enter the profession. In describing this phase as ‘difficult’ in this chapter I am however being slightly disingenuous as I am aware that while some people struggle to acclimatize to academia, this is arguably the most tranquil period in a researcher’s career, a time of great personal and professional satisfaction. In this chapter, I look at the experiences of people looking back on the initial years of their research careers alongside accounts from those who have only recently entered the profession, noting that substantial difficulties do not tend to emerge until the early career stage is drawing to a close, with a confrontation with the challenge of remaining in academia past this point.
ER  -