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Morais, R., Bernardes, S.F. & Verdonk, P. (2019). Gender awareness in medicine: adaptation and validation of the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale to the Portuguese population (N-GAMS). Advances in Health Sciences Education. N/A

R. M. Brites et al.,  "Gender awareness in medicine: adaptation and validation of the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale to the Portuguese population (N-GAMS)", in Advances in Health Sciences Education, vol. N/A, 2019

@article{brites2019_1716088121092,
	author = "Morais, R. and Bernardes, S.F. and Verdonk, P.",
	title = "Gender awareness in medicine: adaptation and validation of the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale to the Portuguese population (N-GAMS)",
	journal = "Advances in Health Sciences Education",
	year = "2019",
	volume = "N/A",
	number = "",
	doi = "10.1007/s10459-019-09936-y",
	url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-019-09936-y"
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gender awareness in medicine: adaptation and validation of the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale to the Portuguese population (N-GAMS)
T2  - Advances in Health Sciences Education
VL  - N/A
AU  - Morais, R.
AU  - Bernardes, S.F.
AU  - Verdonk, P.
PY  - 2019
SN  - 1382-4996
DO  - 10.1007/s10459-019-09936-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-019-09936-y
AB  - Health care professionals’ gender awareness has been presented as a mechanism to minimize gender biases in health. The present paper aimed to adapt and validate the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale (N-GAMS, Verdonk et al. in Sex Roles 58:222–234, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9326-x) to the Portuguese population, also addressing some limitations of its original study, namely by: (1) testing the scale’s three-fold underlying structure and (2) extending the study of its criteria-related validity, by analyzing sex-related differences in medical students’ gender awareness and the associations between gender awareness and empathy and sexism. One thousand and forty-eight medical students (Mage = 22.90; 67.1% women) filled out the Portuguese version of the N-GAMS (N-GAMS.pt) along with measures of Physician Empathy and Sexism. A Parallel Analysis and an Exploratory Factor Analysis suggested the presence of three factors. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed a good fit of the hypothesized three-factor structure: (1) gender sensitivity (n = 6 items; ? =.713), (2) gender-role ideologies towards patients (n = 7 items; ? =.858) and (3) gender-role ideologies towards doctors (n = 5 items; ? =.837), with a positive association between the latter two (r =.570; p <.001). The N-GAMS.pt also showed good criteria-related validity. Namely, as hypothesized: (1) more empathic students reported more gender sensitivity and lower endorsement of gender-role ideologies; (2) higher hostile and benevolent sexism were associated to higher endorsement of gender-role ideologies; and (3) higher hostile sexism was associated to lower gender sensitivity. Implications of the N-GAMS for research and interventional purposes are discussed.
ER  -