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Feteira-Santos, R., Fernandes, J., Virgolino, A., Alarcão, V., Sena, C., Vieira, C....Santos, O. (2020). Effectiveness of interpretive front-of-pack nutritional labelling schemes on the promotion of healthier food choices. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare. 18 (1), 24-37

R. Feteira-Santos et al.,  "Effectiveness of interpretive front-of-pack nutritional labelling schemes on the promotion of healthier food choices", in Int. Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 24-37, 2020

@null{feteira-santos2020_1734633808977,
	year = "2020",
	url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/xeb.0000000000000214"
}

TY  - GEN
TI  - Effectiveness of interpretive front-of-pack nutritional labelling schemes on the promotion of healthier food choices
T2  - International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare
VL  - 18
AU  - Feteira-Santos, R.
AU  - Fernandes, J.
AU  - Virgolino, A.
AU  - Alarcão, V.
AU  - Sena, C.
AU  - Vieira, C.
AU  - Gregório, M. J.
AU  - Nogueira, P.
AU  - Costa, A.
AU  - Graça, P.
AU  - Santos, O.
PY  - 2020
SP  - 24-37
SN  - 1744-1595
DO  - 10.1097/xeb.0000000000000214
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/xeb.0000000000000214
AB  - Aims: 
Interpretive front-of-package nutrition labelling can contribute to healthier food habits. This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of interpretive front-of-package nutrition labelling schemes on consumers’ food choices, namely at the moment of food purchase, and to analyse if this potential front-of-package nutrition labelling's effect varies according to different socioeconomic groups.
Methods: 
Electronic databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) search was performed to identify peer-reviewed articles describing longitudinal studies evaluating the effect of front-of-package nutrition labelling schemes on consumers’ food choices, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-Equity 2012 Extension guidelines. No publication-period or language restrictions were applied. PROGRESS-Plus framework was used to report if and how socioeconomic factors were considered in analyses of front-of-package nutrition labelling-related interventions’ effect.
Results: 
Nine studies were selected for narrative synthesis (seven randomized controlled trials and two cross-over trials). When compared with no-interpretive-label conditions, front-of-package nutrition labelling showed a positive impact for nutritional content understanding, healthiness perception of products, selection of products with better nutritional quality, and purchase intention. However, there is no robust evidence of superiority of a specific front-of-package nutrition labelling scheme's effect, neither on consumers’ understanding of nutritional content nor on food choices. An evaluation of the studies following the PROGRESS-Plus framework revealed that socioecononomic status and education were the most frequently used dimensions, when assessing the effect of interpretative front-of-pack nutrition labels. More evidence is necessary to determine the role of front-of-pack nutrition labels in decreasing inequalities between different population subgroups, namely among the most vulnerable subgroups, on the promotion of healthy food choices.
Conclusion: 
Well controlled longitudinal studies, following a real-world evidence approach, are needed to clarify front-of-package nutrition labelling's impact on consumers’ food choices, namely at purchase points, taking into account the most vulnerable population subgroups, such as those with lower literacy and/or financial resources.
ER  -