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Vacha, A. (2024). Imagined elsewhere through Gungunhana: Representations of the exiled king in Azores and Mozambique: Geopolitics and diaspora. In Dulce Maria Scott, Diniz Borges, Ana Mónica Fonseca, António Monteiro (Ed.), The Azores, the Atlantic and the global challenges. (pp. 179-199). Ponta Delgada: Letras Lavadas.

A. Vacha,  "Imagined elsewhere through Gungunhana: Representations of the exiled king in Azores and Mozambique: Geopolitics and diaspora", in The Azores, the Atlantic and the global challenges, Dulce Maria Scott, Diniz Borges, Ana Mónica Fonseca, António Monteiro, Ed., Ponta Delgada, Letras Lavadas, 2024, pp. 179-199

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	author = "Vacha, A.",
	title = "Imagined elsewhere through Gungunhana: Representations of the exiled king in Azores and Mozambique: Geopolitics and diaspora",
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	booktitle = "The Azores, the Atlantic and the global challenges",
	year = "2024",
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	pages = "179-179",
	publisher = "Letras Lavadas",
	address = "Ponta Delgada",
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TI  - Imagined elsewhere through Gungunhana: Representations of the exiled king in Azores and Mozambique: Geopolitics and diaspora
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AB  - Following the impressing ceremony of the return of Ngungunhane’s earthly remains to Maputo (15/06/1985), Azores became part of Mozambican collective memory, as an imaginary landscape. The Azorean exile inspired some of the most prized Mozambican literature: “Ualalapi” by Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa (1987), “Os Ossos de Gungunhana” by Marcelo Panguana (2004), and “O Bebedor de Horizontes”, last volume of the trilogy “As Areias do Imperador”, by Mia Couto (2018). From the Mozambican perspective, Azores, became either in collective memory either in literature, the “elsewhere”. In a similar way for the Azoreans at the time of the events, the king together with other tree African prisoners, represented an encounter with an imagined oversea. 
The 125th anniversary of the imprisonment and exile of the last king of Gaza Ngungunhane (1895-96), vulgo Gungunhana, has been remarkably commemorated in Angra do Heroísmo, Ilha Terceira, where he died (27/12/1906). Among various activities, the most significant is the inauguration of a bust (12/04/2022) representing Gungunhana, in memory of the political prisoners exiled on the island; the shape of the sculpture recalls the nostalgic feelings and eradication of the exile and, in a broader sense, of the Atlantic diaspora.
The commemoration coincided with the return of iconography in several cities across different Mozambican provinces. Especially, the nine meters statue dedicated to Gungunhana unveiled in Chimoio, province of Manica (17/07/2021), the biggest of this kind; the biography carved on his pedestal draws attention to the process of Christianization carried out in the Azores. 
Apparently, the memory of the last king of Gaza still discloses symbolic meanings and evoke “elsewhere” implications. But how do these representations dialogue in time and space? Despite the distance is there a shared imagination that bonds Azores and Mozambique? We can look for possible answers by embracing a journey through contemporary literature and iconography.

ER  -