Scientific journal paper Q1
Artificial intelligence and FLIP panometry: Automated classification of esophageal motility patterns
Miguel Mascarenhas (Mascarenhas, M.); Francisco Mendes (Mendes, F.); João Cordeiro (Cordeiro, J. R.); Joana Mota (Mota, J.); Miguel Martins (Martins, M.); Maria João Almeida (Almeida, M. J.); Catarina Araujo (Araujo, C.); Joana Frias (Frias, J.); Pedro Cardoso (Cardoso, P.); Ismael El Hajra Martinez (El Hajra, I.); António Pinto da Costa (Pinto da Costa, A.); Virginia Matallana Royo (Matallana, V.); Constanza Ciriza de Los Rios (Ciriza de Los Rios, C.); Joao C Ferreira or Joao Ferreira (Ferreira, J.); Miguel Mascarenhas Saraiva (Saraiva, M. M.); Guilherme Macedo (Macedo, G.); Benjamin Niland (Niland, B.); Cecilio Santander (Santander, C.); et al.
Journal Title
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Year (definitive publication)
2026
Language
English
Country
Switzerland
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Abstract
Functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) panometry allows real-time assessment of the esophagogastric junction opening and esophageal body contractile activity during an endoscopic procedure. Despite the development of the Dallas Consensus, FLIP panometry analysis remains complex. Artificial intelligence (AI) models have proven their benefit in high-resolution esophageal manometry; however, data on their role in FLIP panometry are scarce. This study aims to develop an AI model for automatic classification of motility patterns during a FLIP panometry exam. Methods: A total of 105 exams from five centers from both the European and American continents were included. Several machine learning models were trained and evaluated for detection of FLIP panometry patterns. Each exam was classified with an expert consensus-based decision according to the Dallas Consensus, with division into a training and testing dataset in a patient-split design. Models’ performance was evaluated through their accuracy and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Results: Pathological planimetry patterns were identified by an AdaBoost Classifier with 84.9% accuracy and a mean AUC-ROC of 0.92. Random Forest identified disorders of the esophagogastric junction opening with 86.7% accuracy and an AUC-ROC of 0.973. The Gradient Boosting Classifier identified disorders of the contractile response with 86.0% accuracy and an AUC-ROC of 0.933. Conclusions: In this study, integrating exams with different probe sizes and demographic contexts, a machine learning model accurately classified FLIP panometry exams according to the Dallas Consensus. AI-driven FLIP panometry could revolutionize the approach to this exam during an endoscopic procedure, optimizing exam accuracy, standardization, and accessibility, and transforming patient management.
Acknowledgements
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Keywords
Artificial intelligence,Esophageal disorders,Gastroenterology,Machine learning,FLIP panometry
  • Clinical Medicine - Medical and Health Sciences
  • Other Medical Sciences - Medical and Health Sciences