The chapter investigates how different types of state transformations play out in one major field, environmental policy-making. While the public goods character of transboundary environmental problems might lead us to expect weaker levels of privatization and stronger levels of internationalization, many environment-related state activities began to unfold only in the 1960s when some of the major state transformations discussed in this Handbook set in. As a result, we might expect historical path dependencies that obstruct, divert, or channel transformative forces to be weaker in the environmental realm. The processes studied in this chapter suggest a mixed picture in regard to both assumptions: The state remains central even in an age of (growing) ecological interdependence, but its role in addressing environmental risks has changed in response to the internationalization and privatization of environmental governance.

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