This paper uses the concepts of symbolic boundaries and repertoires to examine the shift toward affirmative actions in Brazil. Using content analysis of the discourses of key-actors in the space of ethnic and racial policies, the paper sets out three differentiated repertoires with implications for collective boundary making. In such repertoires, national, group and individual identities intersect allowing to organize the perception of ethnic and racial diversity as well as its public expression according to different frames. The importance of national identity narratives, either in its supportive or critical engagement, is highlighted. The article further argues for the need to consider the role of the state and its agents in the establishment of legitimate codifications of belonging.

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symbolic boundaries,repertoires,national identity,ethnicity,culture