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Almeida, M. A. P. de (2008). Independents and citizen’s groups in Portuguese municipalities. In Reiser, Marion; Holtmann, Everhard (Ed.), Farewell to the Party Model? Independent Local Lists in East and West European Countries. (pp. 233-251). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag fur Sozialwissenschaften.
M. A. Almeida, "Independents and citizen’s groups in Portuguese municipalities", in Farewell to the Party Model? Independent Local Lists in East and West European Countries, Reiser, Marion; Holtmann, Everhard, Ed., Wiesbaden, VS Verlag fur Sozialwissenschaften, 2008, pp. 233-251
@incollection{almeida2008_1715107303734, author = "Almeida, M. A. P. de", title = "Independents and citizen’s groups in Portuguese municipalities", chapter = "", booktitle = "Farewell to the Party Model? Independent Local Lists in East and West European Countries", year = "2008", volume = "", series = "", edition = "1", pages = "233-233", publisher = "VS Verlag fur Sozialwissenschaften", address = "Wiesbaden" }
TY - CHAP TI - Independents and citizen’s groups in Portuguese municipalities T2 - Farewell to the Party Model? Independent Local Lists in East and West European Countries AU - Almeida, M. A. P. de PY - 2008 SP - 233-251 CY - Wiesbaden AB - Portugal has been living in Democracy for the last three decades. After the revolution of April 25th 1974, and a two year transition period, democratic institutions have begun to function with some regularity, towards a multi-party system. There have been four major parties in Portugal since 1974/1975: the Socialist Party (PS), the Social Democrat Party (PSD), the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) and the Popular Party (former CDS – Social Democrat Centre, now CDS-PP), on the right wing (see analysis of statutes in Lobo, 2003: 253-261). The two major parties, the Socialist Party (PS – centre left) and the Social Democrat Party (PSD – centre right), usually alternate in the control of central government, sometimes in coalition to other parties. This two-party system characterizes most democracies nowadays. ER -