This main objective of this project is to study of criminal extradition processes between countries in South Europe and South America between the increase in Atlantic mobility, in the 1870s, and the beginning of the Second World War, in 1939. It hopes to contribute to the study of transnational crime and the development of diplomatic and police cooperation relations in combating new forms of crime, integrating them into a global history of crime, surveillance and criminal justice. Historiography on topics such as the repression of anarchism, trafficking in persons or drugs has emphasized that at the end of the 19th century, nation-states began to test cooperation strategies in the repression of criminal practices that transcended national borders. One of the cooperation strategies was the signing of agreements that facilitated the extradition of individuals accused or convicted of certain crimes and the extradition of individuals through an increasingly intense exchange of criminal information between diplomatic and police authorities. However, there is no study on the individuals who were effectively extradited and the processes that led to this action. On the other hand, geographically, international historiography has been mostly concentrated in the North Atlantic or, when it focuses on Latin America, dedicated mainly to the relations established between States in this region of the globe. This research aims to fill both gaps. The research will deepen the study of the relations between Brazil, Portugal, Spain and Italy. In Brazil, the empirical research will take place in the Archives of the Itamaraty and National Archives, in Rio de Janeiro, in Portugal in the Torre do Tombo and Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in Lisbon, in Spain in the Archivo del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Cooperación in Madrid and in Italy at Archivio Storico Del Ministero Degli Affari Esteri and Archivio Centrale Dello Stato in Rome. The main objectives of this project a...