This main objective of this project is to study of criminal extradition processes between countries in South Europe and South America between the increase in Atlantic mobility, in the 1870s, and the beginning of the Second World War, in 1939. It hopes to contribute to the study of transnational crime and the development of diplomatic and police cooperation relations in combating new forms of crime, integrating them into a global history of crime, surveillance and criminal justice. Historiography on topics such as the repression of anarchism, trafficking in persons or drugs has emphasized that at the end of the 19th century, nation-states began to test cooperation strategies in the repression of criminal practices that transcended national borders. One of the cooperation strategies was the signing of agreements that facilitated the extradition of individuals accused or convicted of certain crimes and the extradition of individuals through an increasingly intense exchange of criminal information between diplomatic and police authorities. However, there is no study on the individuals who were effectively extradited and the processes that led to this action. On the other hand, geographically, international historiography has been mostly concentrated in the North Atlantic or, when it focuses on Latin America, dedicated mainly to the relations established between States in this region of the globe. This research aims to fill both gaps. The research will deepen the study of the relations between Brazil, Portugal, Spain and Italy. In Brazil, the empirical research will take place in the Archives of the Itamaraty and National Archives, in Rio de Janeiro, in Portugal in the Torre do Tombo and Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in Lisbon, in Spain in the Archivo del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Cooperación in Madrid and in Italy at Archivio Storico Del Ministero Degli Affari Esteri and Archivio Centrale Dello Stato in Rome. The main objectives of this project a...

This project aims to examine the reform of social control institutions and penal policies during the ascension and consolidation of the Constitutional Monarchy in Portugal focusing on two specific spheres of social control: the police and prison system, assessing the influence of foreign models in the definition and implementation of reforms. This project proposes a working hypothesis that it is only possible to fully understand the reforms attempted and effectively implemented in these two spheres of social control if we bring together the national context and the transnational circulation of reform models and ideals. Moreover, if it is normal to understand these exchanges in a one way road: from the more advanced to the more backward countries, this project also considers that if the majority of exchanges did occur in this direction the other way around was also present. Thence the hypothesis that some of the reforms enacted in Portugal, for example the abolition of death penalty in 1867, were also intended and indeed reached an international audience. The project will thus contribute to a more deep understanding of how the political elite that came to power in 1834 represented and theorized society and its multiple constituents and the role of the state in engineering social order and stability.  The period to be studied begins roughly with the first liberal revolution (1820) and finishes in 1867, when, on July 1, the Sentencing and Prison Reform Act abolished the death penalty and established the penitentiary system and, on the July 2, the Polícia Civil was created. Between these dates, the clash between liberals and absolutist meant for the liberals long periods of foreign exile. However, the ascension to power of the liberal side gave place to clashes between different liberal factions resulting that many debates and reforms undertaken in the 1830s and 1840s were always unsuccessful due to permanent instability. With the relative stability achieved in the 185...

More so than the topic, it is the street that is a problem to be identified and stated. The street can be seen as the minimum unit of city life, a place of sociability registering various levels and dimensions ? of action, interaction, differentiation and sociability; misbehaviour and social control; circulation and mutual acquaintance; meeting and confrontation; a space for the integration of functions (relating to residence, work and leisure), a territory steeped in memories, a social crossroads and the scene of and stage for different daily lives and individual, interacting trajectories and destinies. In its extensions (shops, associations, churches, squares, street corners and even houses) the street is viewed here as a possible synthesis of city life, a singular ethnographic sample for exploring and getting to know contemporary urban life from ?the bottom and the inside?. In this sense, the street does not emerge as a pre-defined unit but as an object to be defined and constructed throughout the research process itself, an observation unit with considerable social and cultural consistency and with comparison possibilities that add original knowledge to a theoretical reflection on the city and its specific socio-cultural dynamics. Methodologically, the research is organized around a set of social and culturally different case studies, both from the point of view of the topics and the ethnographic contexts involved.