The EU represents one in a series of efforts to integrate Europe since World War II, and to achieve, inter alia, diplomatic stability and military security. Alongside non-international and international conflicts, a third category of armed conflict is emerging: hybrid, asymmetric, and transnational conflicts which involve state and non-state actors such as insurgents and terrorists. Unconventional conflicts are among the trend topics of defense and security, and they pose a threat to the stability of international order. Hybrid conflicts, involving state and non-state actors, characterize the post Cold War era. These conflicts challenge the ability of international organizations to address them, and so far the EU was unable to settle them. The EU is not able to achieve an ownership in the field of peace, stability and security at its borders, and and his claim to be a global actor proves weak-willed. It would be useful to investigate the reasons for this incapacity: lack of a real and exclusive autonomy in matters of foreign policy; lack of a European army; subjection to US-led NATO; national interest of EU member states.

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European Foreign and Security Policy,European Economic Community (EEC),European Communities (EC),Maastricht Treaty,European Political Cooperation (EPC),Common Foreign and Security Policy,Western European Union (WEU),European security and defense,Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE),Council of Europe (CoE),North Atlantic Alliance (NATO),NATO-EU Declaration,European Security and DefencePolicy (ESDP),High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy,European Security Strategy,Secretary-General of the Council of the EU,High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy,Javier Solana,Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),onference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE),European Security and DefencePolicy (CSDP),European NeighbourhoodPolicy (ENP),Unconventional conflicts,hybrid conflicts,asymmetric conflicts,transnational conflicts,Minsk Group,Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine

• Direito - Ciências Sociais
• Ciências Políticas - Ciências Sociais
• Outras Ciências Sociais - Ciências Sociais
• História e Arqueologia - Humanidades