In the aftermath of the Paris Agreement, climate action has proliferated worldwide, with cities and regions taking initiatives to promote more sustainable systems (Gibbs and O´Neill, 2017; United Nations, 2017). Simultaneously, it has been suggested that these transition pathways exhibit significant regional variations, leading to diverse environmental outcomes. Large cities and urban core regions have taken the lead in these efforts (C40 Cities, 2016), while many non-core regions often face weak economic structures and limited innovation dynamics, which create obstacles for the development of new environmentally friendly pathways (Grillitsch and Hansen, 2019). Effective decarbonization strategies must encompass various sectors beyond energy to include transport, industry, buildings, and food (IPCC; 2022). This transformation is multisectoral raises different challenges for regions and firms. While the literature is expanding rapidly (e.g., Markard and Rosenbloom, 2022), there remains a gap in the discussion regarding decarbonization pathways in studies that link sustainability transitions, firms, and regions. The novelty of the article lies precisely in the analysis of individual decarbonization strategies of companies (relevance, type and drivers) and the regional context where they emerge.

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