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Publication Detailed Description
Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research
Journal Title
Lab Animal
Year (definitive publication)
2024
Language
English
Country
Germany
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Abstract
Many scientific breakthroughs have depended on animal research, yet the ethical concerns surrounding the use of animals in experimentation have long prompted discussions about humane treatment and responsible scientific practice. First articulated by Russell and Burch, the 3Rs Principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement have gained widespread recognition as basic guidelines for animal research. Over time, the 3Rs have transcended the research community, influencing policy decisions, animal welfare advocacy and public perception of animal experimentation. Despite their broad acceptance, interpretations of the 3Rs vary substantially, shaping statutory frameworks at various levels, with both technical and practical impacts.
Acknowledgements
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Keywords
Fields of Science and Technology Classification
- Biological Sciences - Natural Sciences
- Basic Medicine - Medical and Health Sciences
- Health Biotechnology - Medical and Health Sciences
- Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries - Agriculture Sciences
- Animal and Dairy Science - Agriculture Sciences
- Veterinary Science - Agriculture Sciences
- Sociology - Social Sciences
- Philosophy, Ethics and Religion - Humanities
Funding Records
| Funding Reference | Funding Entity |
|---|---|
| CA21139 | European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) |
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