With a degree in Political Science (specializing in Public Policy) from Iscte - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa and a Master's degree in Development Studies from the same institution, Madalena Ferreira is currently a PhD candidate in Political Economy (ISEG) with an FCT research grant (2024.02088.BD). She is also a researcher at the Center for Research and Studies in Sociology (CIES), at Iscte - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa. Previously, she was a research assistant on the project “Reconstructing solidarity in an era of dualization of employment” (SOLID-JOB) at DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte.