This investigation explores the critical role of leadership and digital literacy as integrated factors driving digital transformation (DT) within healthcare organisations. Recognising a conceptual gap in models that articulate the interplay between organisational drivers and individual capabilities, we propose the 'Digital Literacy Box' framework. This model maps the necessary foundational pillars (Leadership, Capability, Engagement, and Literacy) and operational competencies required to optimise health services and patient outcomes. Utilising a focus group of five experienced healthcare professionals, the investigation employed qualitative content analysis to examine the perceived relevance and interconnections of these constructs. Findings offer conceptual support for the proposed framework, emphasising that leadership is crucial for initiating DT, while digital literacy acts as a mediating factor that links organisational capacity to successful innovation and enhanced performance. The investigation contributes theoretical insights by proposing an integrated model and offers practical recommendations for the strategic management of DT, highlighting the need for targeted investment in both leadership and staff digital competencies.

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Healthcare,Digital intensity,Digital transformation,Digital literacy

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