Pencil-beam steering is an important antenna requisite for the new generation of mobile communications. Flat panel antenna solutions are quite popular due to their low footprint, small volume, and agile steering response. However, their use is limited by the losses of the feeding network, power consumption and high cost, which are aggravated with the increase of the operating frequency. Hence, mechanical steering solutions can still be a viable alternative for cost-driven applications. Transmit-arrays are a type of passive flat (meta)lens antenna that can provide sufficient design flexibility to circumvent some of shortcomings of more classical mechanical scanning approaches, including antenna bulkiness, beam aberrations and limited scanning range. In this communication we will survey some of the solutions developed by the authors in the millimeter wave regime which can pave the way for future 6G low cost antenna designs.

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Millimeter waves,Transmit-arrays,Beam steering,Flat lens,Metamaterials lens