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Publication Detailed Description
The role of family functioning and socioeconomic context in multisite and chronic musculoskeletal pain in adolescents: Generation XXI Cohort study
Journal Title
International Journal of Public Health
Year (definitive publication)
2025
Language
English
Country
Switzerland
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Abstract
Objective:
We examined whether family functioning relates to multisite and chronic musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, a key etiological stage for chronic pain, considering socioeconomic and childhood adversity factors (ACEs).
Methods:
Data from 1,473 participants were analyzed using the Luebeck Pain Screening Questionnaire at 18 years. Multisite pain was defined as pain in ≥2 sites; chronic musculoskeletal pain as pain in any musculoskeletal site lasting >3 months. Family functioning was assessed via the Brief Family Relationship Scale and categorized as poor, fair, or good. Socioeconomic indicators were collected at baseline, and ACEs at age 13.
Results:
The prevalence of multisite pain was 43%, and chronic pain was 23%. Logistic regression analyses showed that good family functioning was associated with lower odds of multisite pain (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.37, 0.65) and chronic musculoskeletal pain (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.45, 0.86). Socioeconomic indicators had limited effects, though higher maternal occupation was linked to greater multisite pain (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.02, 1.87). Stratified analyses revealed no significant interactions.
Conclusion:
Good family functioning was associated with a lower risk of adolescent pain across socioeconomic contexts.
Acknowledgements
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Keywords
Family functioning,Chronic musculoskeletal pain,Prospective study,Socioeconomic factors,Adolescence
Fields of Science and Technology Classification
- Health Sciences - Medical and Health Sciences
- Psychology - Social Sciences
Funding Records
| Funding Reference | Funding Entity |
|---|---|
| UI/BD/152795/2022 | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| UID/4750/2025 | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| COMPETE2030-FEDER-00875500 | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| C630926586-00465198 | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| CEECIND/01793/2017/CP1406/CT0002 | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| LA/P/0064/2020 | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
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